Data is Power: How Information and Analytics are Transforming Health Care
Posted on: 5/6/19
LaWanna Halstead (left), OHA VP, quality and clinical initiatives, confers with Patrice Greenawalt, OHA clinical initiatives manager, about patient safety data.
What makes an individual doctor “good?” What about a hospital? If you ask most patients, their answer will revolve around their personal experience. They might tell you that staff had a good bedside manner; the doctor seemed knowledgeable; the treatment was effective.
Similarly, how can medical professionals tell if the advice they are giving their patients is the best possible advice? The answer used to be simple: if a sick patient got healthy, it must have been right.
Today, metadata and individual health information records are revolutionizing how we ask and answer these questions. Patients can see detailed records on everything from hospital readmission rates to post-surgery complications. Doctors and hospitals have been able to use data to pinpoint the most effective, most efficient and least dangerous practices for medical procedures ranging from childbirth to heart surgery.
The data revolution is here, and it is changing the way we consume and deliver health care services in Oklahoma and nationwide.
LaWanna Halstead, now serving as vice president of quality and clinical initiatives for the Oklahoma Hospital Association (OHA), has observed this trend from within the health care industry for almost two decades. She began her career in health care as an emergency room nurse and later joined the Oklahoma Foundation for Medical Quality (OFMQ). At both OFMQ and OHA, Halstead has led a series of hospital and physician office quality improvement projects.
At the center of many of those improvement projects has been health care data, which she says is constantly changing and improving the way we approach health care in three important ways:
1) Patient Empowerment
First, data puts a lot of power back in the hands of patients, a trend that is sure to increase overtime. The website medicare.gov/hospitalcompare posts hundreds of different rankings and data points. A patient pursuing a hip replacement, for instance, can compare several nearby hospitals for their overall ranking, rates of complication from surgery, and satisfaction surveys submitted by patients, among many other data points.
“It used to be that your primary physician would recommend a specialist who would recommend a surgeon, and patients had very little ability to make an informed choice,” says Halstead. “That has changed and will continue to change as our younger, more tech-savvy generations age and have greater heath needs.”
While health care professionals warn that the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services’ (CMS) Hospital Compare often doesn’t paint an accurate picture of the quality of care provided, and only 25 percent of patients report using websites like it today, expect that to change as millennials and the members of Generation Z begin needing hip replacements! Quality rankings will continue to improve in their methodology and assessments as consumers demand more and more data.
2) Self-Improvement and Best Practices
The second way data is revolutionizing health care is by identifying issues of concern: statewide and nationwide data can reveal the best way to deliver care. Today’s hospitals and clinics are constantly combing through performance-related numbers to find ways to improve their services.
“Today, if your infection rate for patients is higher than it should be, you’ll know immediately,” says Halstead. “That will lead to a root-cause analysis: Are our doctors and nurses maintaining good hand-hygiene practices? Are they complying with safe surgery practices?”
Halstead points to the example of the use of razors in operating rooms as a practice that has fallen by the wayside because of health care data.
“Anyone who had a surgical procedure 20 years ago will remember getting shaved with a razor,” she says. “Today we know the little nicks you can get from the razor are a lot more infection-prone and dangerous than having a hair near a wound. Data showed us we needed to end that practice.”
Similarly, treatment for conditions like pneumonia has been standardized by data-driven best practices.
“We know what kind of medicine you need and at exactly what intervals,” says Halstead. “We’ve taken a lot of variation out of how to treat common conditions and replaced it with certainty and better outcomes.”
3) Care Coordination and the Health Care of the Future
Finally, data is pointing the way toward a future of better and more efficient care. The data assembled by CMS and used by hospitals to pursue improvements is metadata; it is anonymous and (by law) never tied to individual patients. But the future of health care is trending toward information-sharing that can make medical care less expensive and safer. Many hospitals and medical systems are now investing in ways to safely and securely share individual patient records with each other, using electronic medical records and health information exchanges.
The implications for successful sharing of medical records are massive. A doctor, for instance, can easily see what medications a patient has been prescribed by another provider and avoid any dangerous conflicts. A frequent seeker of opioids can be identified and offered treatment. And the types of mundane screenings, tests, and imaging procedures that are often repeated – at great cost to patients and the health care system – can be reduced when results are shared freely (but securely) across different medical systems. While hospitals are making impressive inroads on this front, a lot of work remains to be done.
“If health systems can talk to each other and share patient records, we can eliminate a lot of inconvenience and duplication that may delay care and drive up costs,” Halstead says. “That’s the future, and it’s an exciting one for medical professionals and for patients.”
For those looking to make informed decisions about their health, improve their practice or invest in the future of health care, the message is clear: start crunching numbers. The future is now.